项目记忆（item memory）和来源记忆（source memory）是什么意思呢？

搬运自网络:

项目记忆与来源记忆是情节记忆的两个重要方面,也是记忆研究的热点问题,其中,项目记忆是对事件内容的记忆,来源记忆则是对事件背景的记忆,且这两种记忆的神经机制不同。影响来源记忆的因素很多,包括材料、编码方式、测验方式等。关于项目记忆与来源记忆之间的关系目前主要有三种假说:双重加工模型、来源监控框架、诊断背景模型,其中,前两种模型认为两种记忆之间存在本质的差异,但最后一种模型则认为两种记忆之间只存在量的差异。声音与位置是两种非常重要的来源.出自国内心理学博士论文。

What is item memory?

2 ANSWERS

1.Robert Russell

Robert Russell, Writer/researcher, consultant, photographer, blogger, racing cyclist, MBA, MMgmt - studied economics, finan...

Answered Mar 24 2015

To give an example, item memory concerns the processing, storage and retrieval of specific information such as a recognisable word printed on a card; as compared with the source memory which would be the context or background to that word, such as any colour, smell or a recognisable shape printed with or 'behind' that word. Some experiments have been conducted using that sort of example.

However item and source memory is conceptually generalisable to any situation or context, be it a formal information presentation or a social context. Source memory may literally be the source of the information and it may be "trusted" or not. It may also be considered "incidental" to the item memory itself.

Some experimental results (typically involving fMRI) have been interpreted to show that item and source are processed separately in the brain rather than together. It was also been demonstrated that whilst clearly a relationship exists between "source" and "item" memories there is no one agreed pattern or linkage. Increasing one memory type may not necessarily lead to increases in the other; indeed the opposite may apply.

More work needs to be done to tease out what is actually happening but presumably at some point in the processing pathway "content" is distinguished from "context" and relationships recognised with existing and new information, including stereotypes, emotions and value-weighting ("trust"). Understanding how that happens has important implications in a range of fields, including behavioural psychology, education and communication in general.

2.

Item memory, as distinct from source memory, refers to the recall of a specific, central piece of information (e.g., church bells ringing). Source memory, on the other hand, refers to the context of the memory item, e.g., the church, the town, the occasion, the year. Some research indicates that item memories are processed and stored in areas of the brain distinct from those for storing source memories.

出自国外知乎quora。

我的简单理解就是，项目记忆就是记忆中的焦点内容，来源记忆就是记忆中伴随着这个焦点的相关背景信息。

建议题主学习"本土"最究竟彻底的心理学:唯识学。这个唯识心理学，远远超越西方的心理学。

愿有助益。