Chu, Benjamin - Stony Brook University - Department of Chemistry

个人简介

B.S. Magna Cum Laude, St. Norbert College Ph.D. Cornell University, 1959 Research Associate, Cornell University, 1958-1962

研究领域

Physical Chemistry, Polymer Physics, and Material Science We are equipped to observe interactions between electromagnetic radiation and matter that allows the study of local temporal fluctuations on a molecular scale. The ability to measure translation, rotation, vibration, flexure, and flow in molecules has been a breakthrough in such widely separated fields as fluid dynamics, polymer physics, colloid science, molecular biology, and biophysics. Our laser light scattering laboratory is one of the best equipped in the world. The fundamental techniques involve photon correlation spectroscopy, transient electric birefringence, fluorescence recovery after photobleaching, and holographic relaxation spectroscopy. Together with time resolved small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) using the Brookhaven National Synchrotron Light Source and other methods such as Raman scattering, we have been studying the behavior of thermodynamic and transport properties of polymers and colloids near phase separations and the dynamics and conformation of polymers, proteins, micelles, DNA, liquid crystals, vesicles, muscle filaments, fibers, and micro- emulsions. With instrumentation awards from the Department of Energy and the National Science Foundation, we have established a SAXS facility at Stony Brook and an Advanced Polymers Beamline at X27C, at the National Synchrotron Light Source. Furthermore, another beamline, the ChemMat CARS, is being designed and constructed at the Advanced Photon Source, at the Argonne National Laboratory. We have achieved the first laser light scattering characterization of Teflon since its invention more than 50 years ago, observed single-molecule coil-to-globule transition in a polymer solution at a concentration of 30 ng/mL, and measured the instantaneous electrophoretic mobility of large DNA fragments in pulsed- field gel electrophoresis by means of movements of fluorescence pattern after photobleaching (U.S. Patent #5,215,883), as well as the melt viscosity of Teflon at 380 °C.

近期论文

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Daisuke Kawakami, Shaofeng Ran, Christian Burger, Bruce Fu, Igors Sics, Benjamin S. Hsiao, Benjamin Chu and Takeshi Kikutani, "Structural formation of amorphous poly(ethylene terephthalate) during uniaxial deformation above the glass temperature," Polymer, 45, 905-918 (2004). Hongliang Jiang, Dufei Fang, Benjamin S. Hsiao, Benjamin Chu and Weiliam Chen, "Optimization and Characterization of Dextran Membranes Prepared by Electrospinning," Biomacromol., 5, 326-333 (2004). Hongliang Jiang, Dufei Fang, Benjamin Hsiao, Benjamin Chu and Weiliam Chen, "Preparation and characterization of ibuprofen-loaded poly(lactide-co-glycolide)/poly(ethylene glycol)-g-chitosan electro-spun membranes," J. Biomater. Sci. Polymer Edn., 15, 279-296 (2004). Christian Burger, Jingcheng Hao, Qicong Ying, Hiroyuki Isobe, Masaya Sawamura, Eiichi Nakamura and Benjamin Chu, "Multi-layer vesicles and vesicle clusters formed by fullerene-based surfactant C60(CH3)5K," J. Coll. & Interface Sci., 275, 632-641 (2004). Shaofeng Ran, Christian Burger, Igors Sics, Kyunghwan Yoon, Dufei Fang, Kwangsok Kim, Carlos Avila-Orta, Jongkahk Keum, Benjamin Chu, Benjamin S. Hsiao, David Cookson, Dave Shultz, Myungae Lee, Jim Viccaro and Yasuo Ohta, "In Situ Synchrotron SAXS/WAXD Studies during Melt Spinning of Modified Carbon Nanofiber and Isotactic Polypropylene Nanocomposite," J. Coll. Polym. Sci., 282, 802-809 (2004). Shuiqin Zhou, Christian Burger and Benjamin Chu, "Supramolecular Structures of Polyethylenimine-Sodium Alkyl Sulfate Complexes," J. Phys. Chem. B, 108, 10819-10824 (2004). Shuiqin Zhou, Dehai Liang, Christian Burger, Fengji Yeh and Benjamin Chu, "Nanostructures of Complexes Formed by Calf Thymus DNA Interacting with Cationic Surfactants," Biomacromolecules, 5, 1256-1261 (2004). In Chul Um, Dufei Fang, Benjamin S. Hsiao, Akio Okamoto and Benjamin Chu, "Electro-Spinning and Electro-Blowing of Hyaluronic Acid," Biomacromolecules, 5, 1428-1436 (2004). M. Gelfer, C. Burger, A. Fadeev, I. Sics, B. Chu, B. S. Hsiao, A. Heintz, K. Kojo, S-L. Hsu, M. Si and M. Rafailovich, "Thermally Induced Phase Transitions and Morphological Changes in Organoclays," Langmuir, 20, 3746-3758 (2004). Kwangsok Kim, Yen K. Luu, Charles Chang, Dufei Fang, Benjamin S. Hsiao, Benjamin Chu and Michael Hadjiargyrou, "Incorporation and controlled release of a hydrophilic antibiotic using poly(lactide)-based electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds," J. Controlled Release, 98, 47-56 (2004). Tianbo Liu, Kwangsok Kim, Benjamin S. Hsiao and Benjamin Chu, "Regular and Irregular Micelles Formed by a LEL Triblock Copolymer in Aqueous Solution," Polymer,45, 7989-7993 (2004). Xinhua Zong, Sean Li, Elliott Chen, Barbara Garlick, Kwangsok Kim, Dufei Fang, Jonathan Chiu, Thomas Zimmerman, Collin Brathwaite, Benjamin S. Hsiao and Benjamin Chu, "Prevention of Post-Surgery-Induced Abdominal Adhesions by Electrospun Bioabsorbable Nanofibrous Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) Based Membranes," Annals Surg., 240, 910-915 (2004). Young-Soo Seo, H. Luo, V. A. Samuilov, M. H. Rafailovich, J. Sokolov, D. Gersappe and B. Chu, "DNA Electrophoresis on Nanopatterned Surfaces," Nano Lett., 4, 659-664 (2004). Scott Lute, Hazel Aranha, Denise Tremblay, Dehai Liang, Hans-W. Ackerman, Benjamin Chu, Sylvain Moineau and Kurt Brorson, "Characterization of coliphage PR772 and evaluation of its use for virus filter performance testing," Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 70 4864-4871 (2004). Yanmei Wang, Dehai Liang, Qicong Ying and Benjamin Chu, "Quasi-Interpenetrating network formed by polyacrylamide and poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) used in high-performance DNA sequencing analysis by capillary electrophoresis," Electrophoresis, 26, 126-136 (2005). Jinglu Chen, Christian Burger, Chirakkal V. Krishnan, Benjamin Chu, Benjamin S. Hsiao and Melvin J. Glimcher, "In Vitro Mineralization of Collagen in Demineralized Fish Bone," Macromol. Chem. Phys., 206, 43-51 (2005). Daisuke Kawakami, Benjamin S. Hsiao, Christian Burger, Shaofeng Ran, Carlos Avila-Orta, Igors Sics, Takeshi Kikutani, Karl I. Jacob and Benjamin Chu, "Deformation-Induced Phase Transition and Superstructure Formation in Poly(ethylene Terephthalate)," Macromolecules, 38, 91-103 (2005). T. Koga, E. Akashige, M. H. Rafailovich, J. C. Sokolov, K. Shin, Y.-S. Seo, S. K. Satija and B. Chu, "The Effect of Density Fluctuations in Supercritical Fluids: New Science and Technology for Polymer Thin Films," Physica B, 357, 71-79 (2005). Jong Kahk Keum, Christian Burger, Benjamin S. Hsiao, Rajesh Somani, Ling Yang, Benjamin Chu, Rainer Kolb, Hongyu Chen and Ching-Tai Lue, "Synchrotron X-ray Scattering Studies of the Nature of Shear-Induced Shish-Kebab Structure in Polyethylene Melt," Progr. Colloid Polym. Sci, 130, 1-13 (2005). Xuming Chen, Kyunghwan Yoon, Christian Burger, Igors Sics, Dufei Fang, Benjamin S. Hsiao and Benjamin Chu, "In-situ X-Ray Scattering Studies of Super-Tough Performance in Surface-Modified Carbon Nanofiber/UHMWPE Nanocomposite Films," Macromolecules, 38, 3883-3893 (2005). Xinhua Zong, Harold Bien, Chiung-Yin Chung, Lihong Yin, Dufei Fang, Benjamin S. Hsiao, Benjamin Chu and Emilia Entcheva, "Electrospun Fine-Textured Scaffolds for Heart Tissue Constructs," Biomaterials, 26, 5330-5338 (2005). Mikhail Y. Gelfer, Christian Burger, Benjamin Chu, Benjamin S. Hsiao, Aleksey D. Drozdov, Mayo Si, Miriam Rafailovich, Bryan B. Sauer and Jeffrey W. Gilman, "Relationships between Structure and Rheology in Model Nanocomposites Comprising Ethylene-Vinyl Based Copolymers and Organoclays," Macromolecules, 38, 3765-3775 (2005). Xuefen Wang, In Chul Um, Dufei Fang, Akio Okamoto, Benjamin S. Hsiao and Benjamin Chu, "Formation of Water-Resistant Hyaluronic Acid Nanofibers by Blowing-Assisted Electrospinning and Non-Toxic Post Treatments," Polymer, 46, 4853-4867 (2005). Benjamin Chu, Qicong Ying, Yanmei Wang and Jun Zhang, "Manipulation of Polymer Chain Entanglement and Self-Assembly for DNA Capillary Electrophoresis," Macromol. Symp., 227, 77-88 (2005). Xufen Wang, Xuming Chen, Kyunghwan Yoon, Dufei Fang, Benjamin S. Hsiao and Benjamin Chu, "High Flux Ultrafiltration Media Based on Nanofibrous Substrate with Hydrophilic Nanocomposite Coating," Environ. Sci. and Tech., 39, 7684-7691 (2005). Qicong Ying, Jun Zhang, Dehai Liang, Waka Nakanishi, Hiroyuki Isobe, Eiichi Nakamura and Benjamin Chu, "Fractal Behavior of Functionalized Fullerene Aggregates. I. Aggregation of Two-Handed Tetraaminofullerene with DNA," Langmuir,21, 9824-9831 (2005). Jun Zhang, Dehai Liang, Weidong He, Fen Wan, Qicong Ying and Benjamin Chu, "Fast Separation of Single-stranded Oligonucleotides by Capillary Gel Electrophoresis using OliGreen® as Fluorescence Inducing Agent," Electrophoresis, 26, 4449-4455 (2005). Jinglu Chen, Christian Burger, Chirakkal V. Krishnan and Benjamin Chu, "Morphogenesis of Highly Ordered Mixed-Valent Mesoporous Molybdenum Oxides," J. Am. Chem. Soc., Communication, 127, 14140-14141 (2005). Jun Zhang, Yanmei Wang, Dehai Liang, Qicong Ying and Benjamin Chu, "Association Behavior of PDMA-g-PMMA in Mixed Solvents and its Application as a DNA Separation Medium," Macromolecules, 38, 1936-1943 (2005). Antonis Kelarakis, Kyunghwan Yoon, Igors Sics, Rajesh H. Somani, Benjamin S. Hsiao and Benjamin Chu, "Uniaxial Deformation of an Elastomer Nanocomposite Containing Modified Carbon Nanofibers by In Situ Synchrotron X-ray Diffraction," Polymer, 46, 5103-5117 (2005). Antonis Kelarakis, Kyunghwan Yoon, Rajesh H. Somani, Xuming Chen, Benjamin S. Hsiao and Benjamin Chu, "Rheological Study of Carbon Nanofiber Induced Physical Gelation in Polyolefin Nanocomposite Melt," Polymer, 46, 11591-11599 (2005). Dehai Liang, Yen K. Luu, Kwangsok Kim, Benjamin S. Hsiao, Michael Hadjiargyrou and Benjamin Chu, "In Vitro Non-Viral Gene Delivery with Nanofibrous Scaffolds," Nucleic Acids Res., 33, e170 (2005). Ngan F. Huang, Shyam Patel, Rahul G. Thakar, Jun Wu, Benjamin S. Hsiao, Benjamin Chu, Randall J. Lee and Song Li, "Myotube Assembly on Nanofibrous and Micropatterned Polymers," Nano Lett., 6, 537-542 (2006). Antonis Kelarakis, Kyunghwan Yoon, Igors Sics, Rajesh H. Somani, Xuming Chen, Benjamin S. Hsiao and Benjamin Chu, "Shear-Induced Orientation and Structure Development in Isotactic Polypropylene Melt Containing Modified Carbon Nanofibers," J. Macromol. Sci., Part B: Phys., 45, 247-261 (2006). Jun Zhang, Marcus Gassmann, Weidong He, Fen Wan and Benjamin Chu, "Reversible thermo- responsive gel for oligonucleotide separation," Lab on a Chip, 1, 526-533 (2006). Jun Zhang, Weidong He, Dehai Liang, Dufei Fang, Benjamin Chu and Marcus Gassmann, "Designing Polymer Matrix for Microchip-Based Double-Stranded DNA Capillary Electrophoresis," J. Chromatogr. A, 1117, 219-227 (2006). Kyunghwan Yoon, Kwangsok Kim, Xuefen Wang, Dufei Fang, Benjamin S. Hsiao and Benjamin Chu, "High Flux Ultrafiltration Membranes Based on Electrospun Nanofibrous PAN Scaffolds and Chitosan Coating," Polymer, 47, 2434-2441 (2006). Li-Zhi Liu, Benjamin Hsiao, Shaofeng Ran, Bruce X. Fu, Shigeyuki Toki, Feng Zuo, Andy H. Tsou and Benjamin Chu, "In-Situ WAXD Study of Structure Changes during Uniaxial Deformation of Ethylene- Based Semicrystalline Ethylene-Propylene Copolymer," Polymer,47, 2884-2893 (2006). Xuming Chen, Christian Burger, Dufei Fang, Dong Ruan, Lina Zhang, Benjamin S. Hsiao and Benjamin Chu, "X-ray studies of regenerated cellulose fibers wet spun from cotton linter pulp in NaOH/thiourea aqueous solutions," Polymer, 47, 2839-2848 (2006). Lingyu Li, Yao Yang, Guoliang Yang, Xuming Chen, Benjamin S. Hsiao, Benjamin Chu, Jonathan E. Spanier and Christopher Y. Li, "Patterning polyethylene oligomers on carbon nanotubes using physical vapor deposition," Nano Lett., 6, 1007-1012 (2006). Daisuke Kawakami, Shaofeng Ran, Christian Burger, Carlos Avila-Orta, Igors Sics, Benjamin Chu, Benjamin S. Hsiao and Takeshi Kikutani, "Superstructure Evolution in Poly(ethylene terephthalate) during Uniaxial Deformation above Glass Transition Temperature," Macromolecules, 39, 2909-2920 (2006). Benjamin Chu, Dehai Liang, Michael Hadjiargyrou and Benjamin S. Hsiao, "A new pathway for developing in-vitro nanostructured non-viral gene carriers," J. Phys. Condens. Matter, 18, S2513-S2525 (2006). Jun Zhang, Christian Burger and Benjamin Chu, "Nanostructured polymer matrix for oligonucleotide separation," Electrophoresis, 27, 3391-3398 (2006). Fen Wan, Weidong He, Jun Zhang, Qicong Ying and Benjamin Chu, "Scale-up Development of High Performance Polymer Matrix for DNA Sequencing Analysis," Electrophoresis, Special Issue on DNA Sequencing and Genotyping, 27, 3712-3723 (2006). Dehai Liang, Benjamin S. Hsiao, Michael Hadjiargyrou and Benjamin Chu, “Scaffolds with Encapsulated DNA for Non-Viral Gene Delivery,” Proceedings of the 5thIDMRCS in J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 352, 4394-4399 (2006). Xuefen Wang, Dufei Fang, Kyunghwan Yoon, Benjamin S. Hsiao and Benjamin Chu, "High Performance Ultrafiltration Composite Membranes Based on Poly(vinyl alcohol) Hydrogel Coating on Crosslinked Nanofibrous Poly(vinyl alcohol) Scaffold," J. Membrane Sci., 278, 261-268 (2006). Chirakkal V. Krishnan, Jinglu Chen, Christian Burger and Benjamin Chu, "Polymer Assisted Growth of Molybdenum Oxide Whiskers via a Sono-Chemical Process," J. Phys. Chem. B, 110, 20182-20188 (2006). Junxing Li, Aihua He, Charles C. Han, Dufei Fang, Benjamin S. Hsiao, Benjamin Chu, "Electrospinning of Hyaluronic Acid and HA/Gelatin Blends", Macromolecular Rapid Communications, 27,114-120 (2006). Antonis Kelarakis, Kyunghwan Yoon, Rajesh Somani, Igors Sics, Xuming Chen, Benjamin S. Hsiao and Benjamin Chu, "Relationship between Structure and Dynamic Mechanical Properties of a Carbon Nanofiber Reinforced Elastomeric Nanocomposite", Polymer, 47, 6797-6807 (2006). Xuming Chen, Christian Burger, Dufei Fang, Igors Sics, Xuefen Wang, Weidong He, Rajesh H. Somani, Kyunghwan Yoon, Benjamin S. Hsiao and Benjamin Chu, "In-Situ X-Ray Deformation Study of Fluorinated Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube and Fluorinated Ethylene-Propylene Nanocomposite Fibers," Macromolecules, 39, 5427-5437 (2006). Jinglu Chen, Benjamin Chu and Benjamin S. Hsiao, "Mineralization of Hydroxyapatite in Electrospun Nanofibrous Poly(L-lactic acid) Scaffolds," J. Biomed. Mat. Res.: Part A, 307-317 (2006). Bingquan Li, Xiaohua Fang, Haobin Luo, Eric Petersen, Young-Soo Seo, Valdimir Samuilov, Miriam Rafailovich, Jonathan Sokolov, Dilip Gersappe and Benjamin Chu, "Influence of electric field intensity, ionic strength, and migration distance on the mobility and diffusion in DNA surface electrophoresis," Electrophoresis, 27, 1312-1321 (2006). Bingquan Li, Xiaohua Fang, Haobin Luo, Young-Soo Seo, Eric Petersen, Yuan Ji, Miriam Rafailovich, Jonathan Sokolov, Dilip Gersappe and Benjamin Chu, "Separation of DNA with different configurations on Flat and Nanopatterned Surfaces," Anal. Chem., 78, 4743-4751 (2006). C. V. Krishnan , M. Garnett, B. Hsiao and B. Chu, "Electrochemical Measurements of Isopolyoxomolybdates: 1. pH Dependent Behavior of Sodium Molybdate", Int. J. Electrochem. Sci., 2, 29-51 (2007). Mikhail Y. Gelfer, Christian Burger, Pranav Nawani, Benjamin S. Hsiao, Benjamin Chu, Mayu Si, Miriam Rafailovich, Grazyna Panek, Gunnar Jeschke, Alexander Y. Fadeev and Jeffrey W. Gilman, "Lamellar Nanostructure in Somasif-Based Organoclays", Clays and Clay Minerals, 55, 140-150 (2007). Eric Petersen, Bingquan Li, Xiaohua Fang, Haobin Luo, Vladimir Samuilov, Dilip Gersappe, Jonathan Sokolov, Benjamin Chu and Miriam Rafailovich, "DNA Migration and Separation on Surfaces with a Microscale Dielectrophoretic Trap Array," Phys. Rev. Lett., 98, 088102-1 – 088102-4 (2007). Christian Burger and Benjamin Chu, "Functional Nanofibrous Scaffolds for Bone Reconstruction," Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 56, 134-141 (2007). Special Issue for selected papers from the 11th International Symposium on Colloidal and Molecular Electro-optics (ELOPTO-2006). Hongwen Zhou, Christian Burger, Igors Sics, Benjamin S. Hsiao, Benjamin Chu, Lila Graham and Melvin J. Glimcher, "Small-Angle X-ray Study of the Three-Dimensional Collagen/Mineral Superstructure in Intramuscular Fish Bone," SAS2006 Proceedings, J. Appl. Crystallography, 40, s666-s668 (2007). C. V. Krishnan, M. Garnett and B. Chu, "Spatiotemporal Oscillations in Peroxo-Molybdate Complexes in Acidic Solutions: 1. Impedance Measurements of H2Mo2O3(O-O)4(H2O)2," Int. J. Electrochem. Sci. 2, 444-461 (2007). Jun Zhang, Marcus Gassmann, Xuming Chen, Christian Burger, Lixia Rong, Qicong Ying and Benjamin Chu, "Characterization of a Reversible Thermoresponsive Gel and Its Application to Oligonucleotide Separation," Macromolecules, 40, 5537-5544 (2007). Craig K. Hashi, Yi-Qian Zhu, Guo-Yuan Yang, William L. Young, Benjamin S. Hsiao, Karin Wang, Benjamin Chu, and Song Li, "Anti-thrombogenic Property of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Nanofibrous Vascular Grafts", Proceed. Nat. Acad. Sci., 104(29), 11915-20 (2007). Jun Wu, Xuefen Wang, Jong Kahk Keum, Hongwen Zhou, Mikhail Gelfer, Carlos-Alberto Avila-Orta, Hui Pan, Weiliam Chen, Shu-Min Chiao, Benjamin S. Hsiao and Benjamin Chu, "Water Soluble Complexes of Chitosan-g-MPEG and Hyaluronic Acid," J. Biomed. Mat. Res., Part A, 80A, 800-812 (2007). Jie Cai, Lina Zhang, Jinping Zhou, Haisong Qi, Hui Chen, Tetsuo Kondo, Xuming Chen and Benjamin Chu, "Multifilament Fibers Based on Dissolution of Cellulose in NaOH/Urea Aqueous Solution: Structure and Properties," Advanced Mater., 19, 821-825 (2007). Xuming Chen, Christian Burger, Fen Wan, Jun Zhang, Lixia Rong, Benjamin S. Hsiao, Benjamin Chu, Jie Cai, Lina Zhang, "Structure Study of Cellulose Fibers Wet-Spun from Environmentally Friendly NaOH/Urea Aqueous Solution", Biomacromolecules, 8, 1918-1926 (2007). C. V. Krishnan , Q. Li and B. Chu, "Electrochemical characterization of self-assembly process of nano-scaled polyoxomolybdate (NH4)42[Mo72VI MoO21(H2O)6]12[Mo pH Dependent Behavior of Sodium Molybdate", Int. J. Electrochem.Sci., 2, 29-51 (2007). Xuming Chen, Christian Burger, Dufei Fang, Benjamin S. Hsiao, Benjamin Chu, Haisong Qi and Lina Zhang, "Structure Development in Regenerated Cellulose Fibers Wet-Spun from Environmentally Friendly NaOH/Urea Aqueous Solutions Containing Cellulose Iβ Crystals," J. Biobased Mat. and Bioenergy, Special Issue, 1, 266-273 (2007). Xuming Chen, Christian Burger, Fen Wan, Jun Zhang, Lixia Rong, Benjamin S. Hsiao, Benjamin Chu, Jie Cai, Lina Zhang, "Structure Study of Cellulose Fibers Wet-Spun from Environmentally Friendly NaOH/Urea Aqueous Solution", Biomacromolecules, 8, 1918-1926 (2007). C.V, Krishnan, M. Garnett, and B. Chu, "Solute-Solvent Interactions from Admittance Measurements: Potential Induced and Water Structure-Enforced Ion-Pair Formation", Int. J. Electrochem. Sci., 2, 958 (2007). Jonathan B. Chiu, Cheng Liu, Benjamin S. Hsiao, Benjamin Chu and Michael Hadjiargyrou, "Functionalization of Poly(L-lactide) Nanofibrous Scaffolds with Bioactive Collagen Molecules," J. Biomed. Mat. Res., Part A, online1549-3296 (2007). Jie Cai, Lina Zhang, Chunyu Chang, Gongzhen Cheng and Benjamin Chu, "Dissolution Mechanism of Cellulose in LiOH – Urea Aqueous Solution at Low Temperature," Advanced Mater., 9, 821-825 (2007). Jie Cai, Lina Zhang, Chunyu Chang, Gongzhen Cheng, Xuming Chen and Benjamin Chu, "Hydrogen-Bond-Induced Inclusion Complex in Aqueous Cellulose/LiOH/Urea Solutionat Low Temperature," Chem. Phys. Chem, 8, 1572-1579 (2007). Christian Burger, Benjamin Chu, Hongwen Zhou, Igors Sics, Benjamin S. Hsiao, Lila Graham, and Melvin J. Glimcher, "Small-angle X-ray Scattering Study on Intramuscular Fish Bone: Collagen Fibril Superstructure Determined from Equidistant Meridional Reflections", J. Appl. Crystallography, 41, 252 261 (2008). Christian Burger, Hong-wen Zhou, Hao Wang, Igors Sics, Benjamin S. Hsiao, Benjamin Chu, Lila Graham, and Melvin J. Glimcher, "Lateral Packing of Mineral Crystals in Bone Collagen Fibrils", Biophysical Journal, 95, 1-8 (2008). Daisuke Kawakami, Christian Burger, Shaofeng Ran, Carlos Avila-Orta, Igors Sics, Benjamin Chu, Benjamin S. Hsiao and Takeshi Kikutani, "New Insights into Lamellar Structure Development and SAXS/WAXD Sequence Appearance during Uniaxial Stretching of Amorphous Poly(ethylene terephthalate) above Glass Transition Temperature", Macromolecules, 41, 2859-2867 (2008). C. V. Krishnan, M. Garnett and B. Chu, "Early Stages of Corrosion Phenomena from Impedance Study of Mercury in Aqueous Sodium Chloride", Int. J. Electrochem. Sci., 3, 1117-1126 (2008). C. V. Krishnan, M. Garnett and B. Chu, "Oxidative Stress and Parkinson’s Disease: Electrochemical Behavior of Hydrogen Peroxide in Aqueous Sodium Chloride", Int. J. Electrochem. Sci., 3, 1348-1363 (2008). C. V. Krishnan, M. Garnett and B. Chu, "Spatiotemporal Oscillations in Biological Molecules: Hydrogen Peroxide and Parkinson’s Disease", Int. J. Electrochem. Sci., 3, 1364-1385(2008). Fen Wan, Jun Zhang, Angela Lau, Sarah Tan, Christian Burger and Ben Chu, "Nanostructured Polymer Matrix for dsDNA Separation by Capillary Electrophoresis," Electrophoresis, Special Issue on DNA Sequencing and Genotyping, 29, 4704-4713 (2008). Zhaohui Tang, Jie Wei, Lewis Yung, Bowei Ji, Hongyang Ma, Changquan Qiu, Kyunghwan Yoon, Fen Wan, Dufei Fang, Benjamin S. Hsiao and Benjamin Chu, "UV-cured poly(vinyl alcohol) ultrafiltration nanofibrous membrane based on electrospun nanofiber scaffolds," J. Mem. Sci., 328, 1-5 (2009) Chirakkal V. Krishnan, Rafael Muñoz-Espí, Qi Li, Christian Burger and Benjamin Chu, "Formation of Molybdenum Oxide Nanostructures Controlled by Poly(ethylene oxide)," Chinese Journal of Polymer Science, 27, 11-22 (2009).