Battery thermal management is necessary for electric vehicles (EVs), especially for Li-ion batteries, due to the heat dissipation effects on those batteries. Usually, air or coolant circuits are employed as thermal management systems in Li-ion batteries. However, those systems are expensive in terms of investment and operating costs. Phase change materials (PCMs) may represent an alternative which could be cheaper and easier to operate. In fact, PCMs can be used as passive or semi-passive systems, enabling the global system to sustain near-autonomous operations. This article presents the previous developments introducing PCMs for EVs battery cooling. Different systems are reviewed and solutions are proposed to enhance PCMs efficiency in those systems.

由于电动汽车（EV）的散热效应，因此电池热管理对于电动汽车（EV）是必要的，尤其是对于锂离子电池而言。通常，空气或冷却剂回路被用作锂离子电池中的热管理系统。然而，这些系统在投资和运营成本方面是昂贵的。相变材料（PCM）可以代表一种更便宜，更容易操作的替代方案。实际上，PCM可以用作无源或半无源系统，从而使全局系统能够维持近乎自主的操作。本文介绍了以前的发展，介绍了用于电动汽车电池冷却的PCM。审查了不同的系统，并提出了解决方案以提高这些系统中的PCM效率。