BACKGROUND Antibiotics provide minimal benefit for sore throat, otitis media, and sinusitis. Antibiotic stewardship, with reduced prescribing, is required to address antibiotic resistance. As most antibiotic prescribing occurs in general practice and prescribing habits develop early, general practitioner (GP) trainees (registrars) are important for effective antibiotic stewardship. OBJECTIVES To establish temporal trends in Australian registrars' antibiotic prescribing for acute sore throat, acute otitis media, and acute sinusitis. DESIGN A longitudinal analysis of data from the Registrar Clinical Encounters in Training (ReCEnT) study from 2010 to 2019. PARTICIPANTS ReCEnT is an ongoing cohort study of registrars' in-consultation experiences and clinical behaviours. Pre-2016, 5 of 17 Australian training regions participated. From 2016, 3 of 9 regions (42% of Australian registrars) participate. MAIN MEASURES The outcome was prescription of an antibiotic for a new acute problem/diagnosis of sore throat, otitis media, or sinusitis. The study factor was year (2010-2019). KEY RESULTS Antibiotics were prescribed in 66% of sore throat diagnoses, 81% of otitis media, and in 72% of sinusitis. Prescribing frequencies decreased between 2010 and 2019 by 16% for sore throat (from 76% to 60%) by 11% for otitis media (from 88% to 77%) and by 18% for sinusitis (from 84% to 66%). In multivariable analyses, "Year" was associated with reduced prescribing for sore throat (OR 0.89; 95%CI 0.86-0.92; p < 0.001), otitis media (OR 0.90; 95%CI 0.86-0.94; p < 0.001), and sinusitis (OR 0.90; 95%CI 0.86, 0.94; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Registrars' prescribing rates for sore throat, otitis media, and sinusitis significantly decreased during the period 2010-2019. However, educational (and other) interventions to further reduce prescribing are warranted.

中文翻译：

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为喉咙痛、中耳炎和鼻窦炎开抗生素的时间模式：对全科医生登记员的纵向研究。

背景技术抗生素对喉咙痛、中耳炎和鼻窦炎的益处微乎其微。需要减少处方的抗生素管理来解决抗生素耐药性问题。由于大多数抗生素处方发生在一般实践中并且处方习惯很早就养成，因此全科医生 (GP) 实习生（注册员）对于有效的抗生素管理很重要。目的 确定澳大利亚注册商为急性咽喉痛、急性中耳炎和急性鼻窦炎开抗生素处方的时间趋势。设计 对 2010 年至 2019 年注册服务商临床遭遇培训 (ReCEnT) 研究的数据进行纵向分析。参与者 ReCEnT 是一项针对注册服务商的咨询经验和临床行为的持续队列研究。2016 年之前，17 个澳大利亚培训地区中有 5 个参加了。从2016年开始，9 个地区中的 3 个（42% 的澳大利亚注册商）参与。主要测量结果是针对新的急性问题/喉咙痛、中耳炎或鼻窦炎的诊断开出抗生素处方。研究因素是年份（2010-2019）。主要结果 在 66% 的喉咙痛诊断、81% 的中耳炎诊断和 72% 的鼻窦炎诊断中使用了抗生素。2010 年至 2019 年间，喉咙痛的处方频率下降了 16%（从 76% 下降到 60%），中耳炎的处方频率下降了 11%（从 88% 下降到 77%），鼻窦炎的处方频率下降了 18%（从 84% 下降到 66%）。在多变量分析中，“年”与喉咙痛（OR 0.89；95%CI 0.86-0.92；p < 0.001）、中耳炎（OR 0.90；95%CI 0.86-0.94；p <0.001）和鼻窦炎（OR 0.90；95%CI 0.86，0.94；p < 0.001）。结论注册服务商的喉咙痛处方率，中耳炎和鼻窦炎在 2010-2019 年期间显着下降。然而，进一步减少处方的教育（和其他）干预措施是必要的。