雅思基础语法——代词pron

自身代词

• He praised himself. 他称赞自己。
• John gave himself a punishment. John 给了他自己惩罚。
• They think themselves clever. 他们认为自己很聪明。
• She looked at herself. 她看着自己。
• Simplicity is in itself a form of beauty. 简单本身就是一种美。

代词和of 搭配构成特殊的意思

• It will grow of itself. 他会自己长大。
• They did the exercise by themselves. 他们自己做的运动。
• He apologized of himself. 他自己自愿道了歉。
• The machine works by itself。这个机器自己会工作。

宾语作为动作的执行者

• I advise him to defend himself.
• You cannot ask a person to criticize himself.
• I heard her reproaching herself. 我听到她责备自己。
• I prevented my son from indulging himself. 我阻止了我的儿子放纵自己。

It 的用法

a.指前面提到的东西

• He bought a book and gaveitto me
• He has a baby, he lovesit
• He tried to get up, but founditimpossible. 他尽力起床，但是发现不可能。
• I must say something, butitis impossible. 我必须说点什么，但是发现说不出口。
• He arrived yesterday, but nobody knowsit. 他昨天到了，但是没有人知道。
• John hates children, anditis strange.

b.指句子后面的东西

Itwas shocking, that accident.

Itis a vicious animal, that dog of yours.

Itseems impolite to talk aloud.

Ittakes about four years to understand grammar. 需要花四年去学习语法

Itis wonderful, swimming in summer.

It is………that………用来对句子的某一个成分加以强调

Itishethat has brought me up true love.

Itiswith a true lovethat he has brought me up.

Itwasafter my parents diedthat he brought me up with a true love.

c.泛用情况

• It was fine (cold, cloudy, rained, frozen).
• It ten o’clock.
• It is too far.
• It is two miles away.
• It is within 300 meters of the bridge

d.做主语，代表主语的另一个代词

• It is well with her (She is well.)
• It is always so with children (Children is always like that) 孩子总是那个样子。
• How is it with your family?

有些名词或者名词短语可用第三人称代替。

• His (or Her)Majesty = (The king，The queen) will approve it.
• His(Royal) Highness = (The Prince) will consider the matter. 王子殿下会考虑这件事情的
• MayHe(= God) be with you 愿他(上帝)与你同在
• He(= what he writes) is much read today. 很多人会去看他写的东西。
• Few readher(= what she writes) in these years. 很少人会去读她写的东西。

做宾语

• Charles Darwin, I have often heard abouthim(正常的说法是 I have often heard about Charles Darwin.)
• The man who writes this book, I knowhimvery well. (I know very well the man who writes this book)
• These scientists in charge of the work, I findthemvey young men.
• To do the same thing every day, he findsitunbearable.

一个名词前面的多余代词

• Heis a great scientist, Charles Darwin (正常的说法是：Charles Darwin is a great scientist.)
• Itis a wonderful invention, the electric lamp. 这是一个很好的发明，电灯。
• Shetalked to us, the head nurse. 护士长和我们谈话了。
• Sheis no stranger to us, your aunt. 你的姑姑和我们不是陌生人。