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Hierarchical porous biomass carbon derived from cypress coats for high energy supercapacitors

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Abstract

In the present work, we report a simple two-step process to fabricate hierarchical porous carbon from biomass. The so-called two-step refers to hydrothermal carbonization of cypress coats followed by activation with KOH. The morphology and porous parameters of the resulting porous carbon can be controlled by adjusting KOH/carbon mass ratio during activating stage. The optimal sample (SHPC-2) has a hierarchically porous structure containing micropores and meso-/macropores, high specific surface areas (1325.9 m2 g− 1) with appropriate pore size and hydrophilous surface properties due to rich nitrogen and oxygen co-doping. The electrochemical measurements show the as-prepared SHPC-2 exhibits a high specific capacitance (345 and 330 F g− 1 at 1.0 A g− 1) and better rate capability (75.4% and 87.8% capacitance retention at 50 A g− 1) in 1 M H2SO4 and 6 M KOH, respectively. Furthermore, the assembled symmetric supercapacitor based on SHPC-2 and filled with 1 M Na2SO4 electrolyte delivers an outstanding energy storage performance (energy density of 30.5 W h kg− 1 at power density 900 W kg− 1) with good cycling stability (86.2% retention after 10000 cycles at 5 A g− 1). These results indicate that the eco-friendly carbon materials derived from biomass have a huge potential in the applications of high-performance electrode materials for supercapacitors.

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support offered by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (20963009, 21163017, 21563027, and 21773187).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China

    Lulu Qiang, Zhongai Hu, Zhimin Li, Yuying Yang, Xiaotong Wang, Yi Zhou, Xinyuan Zhang, Wenbin Wang & Qian Wang

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  1. Lulu Qiang
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Qiang, L., Hu, Z., Li, Z. et al. Hierarchical porous biomass carbon derived from cypress coats for high energy supercapacitors. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 30, 7324–7336 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-019-01045-1

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