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Resistance to Cydia pomonella granulovirus follows a geographically widely distributed inheritance type within Europe

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Abstract

The Cydia pomonella granulovirus (CpGV) is an important agent for control of the codling moth C. pomonella (L.). Since 2004, cases of resistance to CpGV products have been found in codling moth populations of several apple plantations in Europe. Recently, the first codling moth population (Cp-VBII) with reduced susceptibility to CpGV was found in the Czech Republic. The F1 offspring of Cp-VBII collected in different years were tested for CpGV resistance at a diagnostic concentration of 3 × 105 occlusion bodies (OBs) ml−1 and showed reduced mortality. The strain CpR-CZ with a genetically fixed resistance was selected from Cp-VBII and showed no mortality at the diagnostic concentration. Single pair crossing experiments demonstrated that the resistance of CpR-CZ is dominantly inherited and linked to the sex chromosome Z. New CpGV isolates (CpGV-E2, -I08, -I12, -S, and -V15), and two new CpGV products (Madex Plus® and experimental product ABC V15) had a satisfactory efficacy against CpR-CZ neonate larvae. These results indicate that CpGV resistance becomes apparent under CpGV selection and argues for its geographically wide distribution and independent emergence within Europe.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Andermatt Biocontrol AG for providing the CpGV products for the bioassays. We are very grateful to Dr. J. Zicha for his critical reading of the manuscript and valuable comments. This work was supported by the Ministry of Agriculture of the Czech Republic, Projects No. QH92179 and MZe-0002700604 as well as the German Federal Ministry for Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection, Grant 2809OE097. The English of the manuscript has been edited by American Journal Experts.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Plant Health, Department of Entomology, Crop Research Institute, Drnovská 507, 16106, Prague, Czech Republic

    Tereza Zichová & Jitka Stará

  2. Division of Plant Health, Department of Virology, Crop Research Institute, Drnovská 507, 16106, Prague, Czech Republic

    Jiban K. Kundu

  3. Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Biological Control, Julius Kühn-Institute (JKI), Heinrichstr. 243, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany

    Karolin E. Eberle & Johannes A. Jehle

Authors
  1. Tereza Zichová
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  2. Jitka Stará
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  3. Jiban K. Kundu
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  4. Karolin E. Eberle
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  5. Johannes A. Jehle
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Correspondence to Tereza Zichová.

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Handling Editor: Nicolai Meyling

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Zichová, T., Stará, J., Kundu, J.K. et al. Resistance to Cydia pomonella granulovirus follows a geographically widely distributed inheritance type within Europe. BioControl 58, 525–534 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10526-013-9507-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10526-013-9507-1

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