转载自：http://blog.csdn.net/u014733374/article/details/43560983
最近一直在做后台开发，但心里还是总惦记着Android，感觉还是Android有意思。正好项目中要用到极光推送，今天抽空来记录下这两天的研究成果。
我们知道iOS有自己的推送服务，但很遗憾Android没有原生的推送服务，现在有很多第三方的推送服务，比如个推、极光、亚马逊、百度云、聚能等。今天我们就来研究下极光推送的后台服务器如何实现。
关键点：
1.首先最好是把极光官网Java后台服务器的demo下载下来，里面有我们需要的jar包，以及example.
2.极光推送的关键jpushClient = new JPushClient(masterSecret, appKey, 3);就是这个类。其中的参数需要我们从极光官网注册开发者，然后创建具体项目获取相应的两 个key值。其中appKey值就是我们手机端对应的key值
3.极光推送给我们提供了很多种推送的方式，我们可以选择某一个平台进行推送（Android ,IOS ,Windows Phone），也可以全部推送；我们可以针对某个特别的用户进行推送（设置alisa），也可以针对特别的群体进行推送（设置tag），第三个参数是设置推送保留的时间，只要在有效时间内上线就可以收到推送信息
4. 极光推送现在都用https连接，提交请求是post，获取数据为get
ok 接下来就看服务端的实现（JAVA）,JdPush推送方法+一个Servlet
:
[java] view plain copy package com.weiwend.jdpush; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import cn.jpush.api.JPushClient; import cn.jpush.api.common.resp.APIConnectionException; import cn.jpush.api.common.resp.APIRequestException; import cn.jpush.api.push.PushResult; import cn.jpush.api.push.model.Message; import cn.jpush.api.push.model.Options; import cn.jpush.api.push.model.Platform; import cn.jpush.api.push.model.PushPayload; import cn.jpush.api.push.model.audience.Audience; import cn.jpush.api.push.model.audience.AudienceTarget; import cn.jpush.api.push.model.notification.AndroidNotification; import cn.jpush.api.push.model.notification.IosNotification; import cn.jpush.api.push.model.notification.Notification; public class Jdpush { protected static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Jdpush.class); // demo App defined in resources/jpush-api.conf public static final String TITLE = "申通快递"; public static final String ALERT = "祝大家新春快乐"; public static final String MSG_CONTENT = "申通快递祝新老客户新春快乐"; public static final String REGISTRATION_ID = "0900e8d85ef"; public static final String TAG = "tag_api"; public static JPushClient jpushClient=null; public static void testSendPush(String appKey ,String masterSecret) { jpushClient = new JPushClient(masterSecret, appKey, 3); // HttpProxy proxy = new HttpProxy("localhost", 3128); // Can use this https proxy: https://github.com/Exa-Networks/exaproxy // For push, all you need do is to build PushPayload object. //PushPayload payload = buildPushObject_all_all_alert(); //生成推送的内容，这里我们先测试全部推送 PushPayload payload=buildPushObject_all_alias_alert(); try { System.out.println(payload.toString()); PushResult result = jpushClient.sendPush(payload); System.out.println(result+"................................"); LOG.info("Got result - " + result); } catch (APIConnectionException e) { LOG.error("Connection error. Should retry later. ", e); } catch (APIRequestException e) { LOG.error("Error response from JPush server. Should review and fix it. ", e); LOG.info("HTTP Status: " + e.getStatus()); LOG.info("Error Code: " + e.getErrorCode()); LOG.info("Error Message: " + e.getErrorMessage()); LOG.info("Msg ID: " + e.getMsgId()); } } public static PushPayload buildPushObject_all_all_alert() { return PushPayload.alertAll(ALERT); } public static PushPayload buildPushObject_all_alias_alert() { return PushPayload.newBuilder() .setPlatform(Platform.all())//设置接受的平台 .setAudience(Audience.all())//Audience设置为all，说明采用广播方式推送，所有用户都可以接收到 .setNotification(Notification.alert(ALERT)) .build(); } public static PushPayload buildPushObject_android_tag_alertWithTitle() { return PushPayload.newBuilder() .setPlatform(Platform.android()) .setAudience(Audience.all()) .setNotification(Notification.android(ALERT, TITLE, null)) .build(); } public static PushPayload buildPushObject_android_and_ios() { return PushPayload.newBuilder() .setPlatform(Platform.android_ios()) .setAudience(Audience.tag("tag1")) .setNotification(Notification.newBuilder() .setAlert("alert content") .addPlatformNotification(AndroidNotification.newBuilder() .setTitle("Android Title").build()) .addPlatformNotification(IosNotification.newBuilder() .incrBadge(1) .addExtra("extra_key", "extra_value").build()) .build()) .build(); } public static PushPayload buildPushObject_ios_tagAnd_alertWithExtrasAndMessage() { return PushPayload.newBuilder() .setPlatform(Platform.ios()) .setAudience(Audience.tag_and("tag1", "tag_all")) .setNotification(Notification.newBuilder() .addPlatformNotification(IosNotification.newBuilder() .setAlert(ALERT) .setBadge(5) .setSound("happy") .addExtra("from", "JPush") .build()) .build()) .setMessage(Message.content(MSG_CONTENT)) .setOptions(Options.newBuilder() .setApnsProduction(true) .build()) .build(); } public static PushPayload buildPushObject_ios_audienceMore_messageWithExtras() { return PushPayload.newBuilder() .setPlatform(Platform.android_ios()) .setAudience(Audience.newBuilder() .addAudienceTarget(AudienceTarget.tag("tag1", "tag2")) .addAudienceTarget(AudienceTarget.alias("alias1", "alias2")) .build()) .setMessage(Message.newBuilder() .setMsgContent(MSG_CONTENT) .addExtra("from", "JPush") .build()) .build(); } }
可以看到上面我们推送平台设置的是所有平台，Audience设置为all（所有用户），这里key值和masterSecret值放在servlet中了。
servlet很简单，只要传入两个key值，调用该方法就可以
[java] view plain copy package com.weiwend.jdpush.servlet; import java.io.IOException; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.serializer.utils.Utils; import com.weiwend.jdpush.Jdpush; import com.weiwend.jdpush.utils.Base64Utils; /** * Servlet implementation class tuisong */ public class tuisong extends HttpServlet { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; private static final String appKey ="84cf5ee2099c654aa03a5d70"; private static final String masterSecret = "7cf23f25a41806d5fd29e3c5"; public tuisong() { super(); // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub } /** * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) */ protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { Jdpush.testSendPush(appKey,masterSecret); System.out.println("sucess"); } /** * @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) */ protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { // TODO Auto-generated method stub } }
最后来看下运行的结果，可以看到，提交数据是以json格式。如果返回{"msg_id":1663001319,"sendno":1981162191}这样数据说明推送已经成功发送
[java] view plain copy {"platform":"all","audience":"all","notification":{"alert":"祝大家新春快乐"},"options":{"sendno":1981162191,"apns_production":false}} {"msg_id":1663001319,"sendno":1981162191}................................ sucess
源码分析：
JPushClient jpushClient = new JPushClient(masterSecret, appKey, 3);实际上是实例化了一下三个类
[java] view plain copy public JPushClient(String masterSecret, String appKey, int maxRetryTimes) { _pushClient = new PushClient(masterSecret, appKey, maxRetryTimes); _reportClient = new ReportClient(masterSecret, appKey, maxRetryTimes); _deviceClient = new DeviceClient(masterSecret, appKey, maxRetryTimes); } PushPayload payload = buildPushObject_all_all_alert();，PushPayload类里包含了传递和返回的所有数据
[java] view plain copy public class PushPayload implements PushModel { private static final String PLATFORM = "platform"; private static final String AUDIENCE = "audience"; private static final String NOTIFICATION = "notification"; private static final String MESSAGE = "message"; private static final String OPTIONS = "options"; private static final int MAX_GLOBAL_ENTITY_LENGTH = 1200; // Definition acording to JPush Docs private static final int MAX_IOS_PAYLOAD_LENGTH = 220; // Definition acording to JPush Docs private static Gson _gson = new Gson(); private final Platform platform; private final Audience audience; private final Notification notification; private final Message message; private Options options; private PushPayload(Platform platform, Audience audience, Notification notification, Message message, Options options) { this.platform = platform; this.audience = audience; this.notification = notification; this.message = message; this.options = options; } PushResult result = jpushClient.sendPush(payload);可以看到就是sendPost方法，然后接受返回的数据
[java] view plain copy public PushResult sendPush(PushPayload pushPayload) throws APIConnectionException, APIRequestException { Preconditions.checkArgument(! (null == pushPayload), "pushPayload should not be null"); if (_globalSettingEnabled) { pushPayload.resetOptionsTimeToLive(_timeToLive); pushPayload.resetOptionsApnsProduction(_apnsProduction); } ResponseWrapper response = _httpClient.sendPost(_baseUrl + PUSH_PATH, pushPayload.toString()); return BaseResult.fromResponse(response, PushResult.class); } 另外我专门找了下sendNo如何生成的，其实就是随机生成的一个数字
[java] view plain copy public static Options sendno() { return newBuilder().setSendno(ServiceHelper.generateSendno()).build(); } [java] view plain copy public static int generateSendno() { return RANDOM.nextInt((MAX - MIN) + 1) + MIN; } 大家有兴趣也可以详细看一下代码的实现.
刚开始值直接下载的demo运行，一直提示Audience没有对应的用户，是引文Audience设置了别名alias，而用户里面并没有设置对应的alias，所以找不到对应的用户。 最后我们来看一张图，再深入理解下极光推送的原理
