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(共15张PPT)
【版本：新人教　册别：选择性必修三】
Discovering useful structures
UNIT 1 ART
Infinitives (1)
Infinitives as the predicative
（不定式做表语）
What does infititive mean
infinitive：不定的，无限的
to do/to be
动词
谓语
非谓语
done
doing
to do
主语单复数，时态，语态
非谓语动词之to do
现在分词，动名词
过去分词
四大意义词性
名词
动词
形容词
副词
充当句子成分
主语，宾语，标语，同位语
谓语
宾补，主补，定语
状语
to do
？
Observe
To see you is my plan. (不定式作________ )
My plan is to see you. (不定式作________)
It is hard to see you.(不定式作______)
it to see you
主语
表语
主语
It’s+adj. for sb to do......
I want to see you. (不定式作________)
I have a plan to see you.（不定式作________）
I have a lot of homework to do.(不定式作______)
I come here to see you.(不定式作_______)
I ask Tom to see you.(不定式作_______ )
宾语
宾语补足语
定语
动词不定式不能单独作谓语，可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、同位语，补语,状语等。
同位语
状语
动词
谓语
非谓语
done
doing
to do
具有动词的特征
具有名词的特征
具有形容词的特征
具有副词的特征
主语 谓语 表语 宾语 定语 状语 宾补
to do
主语单复数，时态，语态
非谓语动词之to do
不定式的时态和语态：
类别 主动语态 被动语态 意义
一般式 to do
完成式
进行式 /
完成进行式 /
to be done
to have done
to be doing
to have been doing
to have been done
发生在谓语动词之后
发生在谓语动词之前
正在进行
一直持续
Observe grammar
1.Perhaps the best way to understand Western art is to look at the development of Western painting over the centuries.
2.During the Middle Ages, the purpose of Western art was to teach people about Christianity.
3.In this work, Monet’s aim was to convey the light and movement in the scene.
4.What they attempted to do was no longer show reality, but instead to ask the question, “What is art ”
infinitives ----predictive
Explore
1.Perhaps the best way to understand Western art is to look at the development of Western painting over the centuries
Tip 1:主语(事物)＋be＋不定式(作表语)表示主语的具体内容
Explore grammar
Tip 2:当不定式作表语时，能够担当句子主语的名词比较有限，大多用于表示某种情形或状况，包括advice, aim, ambition, custom, business, desire, difficulty, duty, experience, habit, happiness, hope, idea, intention, job, method, plan, principle, problem, purpose, reason, risk, role, task, thing, wish等。
2.During the Middle Ages, the purpose of Western art was to teach people about Christianity.
3.In this work, Monet’s aim was to convey the light and movement in the scene.
Explore grammar
Tip 3:当不定式作表语时，句子的主语还可以是__________ 引导的___________。
what
主语从句
当主语部分有实义动词do或者do的某种形式时，不定式作表语时可以省略to。
eg. All I could do now is (to) keep silent.
4.What they attempted to do was no longer show reality, but instead to ask the question, “What is art ”
Explore grammar
1. The man’s job is to paint the wall.
2. The man’s job is painting walls.
Tip 4:不定式作表语强调的是一次性、具体的、将要发生的动作；动名词作表语强调的是一般性、抽象的、经常发生的动作。
这位男士的工作是粉刷这些墙。（表示一次性的、具体的、目前要做的事情。）
这位男士的工作是粉刷墙。（表示经常性的日常工作）
summary
Tip 1:主语(事物)＋be＋不定式(作表语)表示主语的具体内容
。
Tip 2:当不定式作表语时，能够担当句子主语的名词比较有限，大多用于表示某种情形或状况
Tip 3:当不定式作表语时，句子的主语还可以是what引导的主语从句。
不定式作表语
（一次性的、具体的、将要发生的动作）
Practice
Match the sentence halves and underline the nouns or clauses used as the subject in each sentence.

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