No one would be willing to pay one-third of the price for the packaging or wrapping of what he or she purchases. But over-packaging has become a disease that leads to an __50__ waste of resources and __51__ environmental pollution.

The wasted packaging materials are __52__ to be worth about 280 billion yuan annually. And such packages and wrappings thrown away by customers __53__ up half of the volume of solid waste in cities. __54__, it is high time that regulations were __55__ to stop enterprises from spending too much on unnecessary packaging and wrapping.

To produce paper packaging or wrapping, many more trees have to be cut down. Over-packaging also limits the interest of consumers when they have to spend quite a high percentage on something that they will have to throw into the dustbin. The simple truth is that the more a producer spends on packaging, the __56__ the products it sells will be.

Product packaging and wrapping used to be very simple 30 years ago. "Shabby" was the word many had used to __57__ the way Chinese products were packaged. And shabby packaging was blamed for making Chinese products __58__ in the international market.

It is __59__ to pay enough attention to packaging or wrapping products in such a manner that they can be __60__ to customers' eyes. But that does not definitely justify that packaging should even outshine what is inside.

In the Chinese proverb, “maidu huanzhu,” the buyer returns the pearl and just keeps the case because the __61__ is too fancy and luxurious. It not only laughs at the poor __62__ of the buyer, but also criticizes the unnecessary __63__ the seller has made in making the case. Another message from the proverb is that over-packaging helps cultivate an __64__ consuming attitude - to buy fancy-looking stuff but not what they really need.

A. enormous                  B. available           C. invisible           D. illegal

A. results from        B. contributes to     C. depends on       D. calls for

A. predicted            B. required            C. acknowledged    D. estimated

A. look                   B. hold                  C. make                D. add

A. However            B. Therefore          C. Otherwise          D. Furthermore

A. observed             B. broken                     C. adopted             D. forbidden

A. better                    B. more expensive  C. cheaper             D. more useful

A. recommend            B. praise                C. consider            D. criticize

A. popular              B. impressive         C. unattractive              D. qualified

A. ridiculous                  B. incredible          C. unnecessary       D. reasonable

A. accustomed            B. appealing          C. similar                     D. grateful

A. former                  B. next                  C. other                 D. latter 

A. judgment            B. eyesight            C. appetite             D. health

A. contributions        B. efforts               C. progress            D. use

A. unfamiliar             B. unhealthy          C. unnatural           D. unavoidable

Oral English , also known as spoken English , is the form of English that is used when people are speaking to one another . Students who are learning English as a second language often feel uncomfortable using oral English because they fear that they will not be understood . It is important that a person who is learning to speak English practice using the language .   1.  

Listening is important to learning spoken English .    2.  Pay attention to conversations that happen around you while you are shopping . Watch the news every evening while you have supper .

Part of learning spoken English is in understanding how English words are formed . Watch the mouths and tongues of native English speakers carefully .                         3.    Notice how the lips form certain sounds . Imitate （ 模仿）what you see .

Rent movies over the weekend . Try to follow the story line of comedy shows .   4.    Not having to respond in English lets you concentrate on simply understanding what is being said . Understanding how English is used in conversation will help you to better communicate in the language .

  5.    When you are reading , pay more attention to the correct pronunciation of the words you are reading rather than comprehension of each word . Read easy books that were written for children . Reading simple books takes away the frustration of sounding out hard words .    

A．Read out loud for twenty to thirty minutes every day .

B．Listen to English radio while getting ready in the morning .

C．Observe how much the mouth is opened to say certain words .

D．Find a friend or teacher who is willing to help you learn English .

E. Repeat the conversations several times to increase your speaking speed .

F. Watching TV shows and movies allows you to hear English used in conversation .

G. The more a person practices his or her skills , the more easily speaking English will become .

What can be found in the two recent studies?

One showed that adults are much more cooperative if they work in a system based on rewards．Researchers at Harvard University in the United States and the Stockholm School of Economics in Sweden did the study, which appeared last month in the journal Science．They had about two hundred college students play a version of the game known as the Prisoner's Dilemma．The game is based on the tension between the interests of an individual and a group．The students played in groups of four．Each player could win points for the group, so they would all gain equally．But each player could also reward or punish each of the other three players, at a cost to the punisher．Harvard researcher David Rand says the most successful behavior proved to be cooperation （合作）．The groups that rewarded most earned about twice as much in the game as the groups that rewarded least．And the more a group punished itself, the lower its earnings．The group with the most punishment earned twenty-five percent less than the group with the least punishment．

The other study referred to children, which was presented last month in California at a conference on violence and abuse．Researchers used intelligence tests given to two groups．More than eight hundred children were ages two to four the first time they were tested．More than seven hundred children were ages five to nine．The two groups were retested four years later, and the study compared the results with the first test．Both groups contained children whose parents used physical punishment and children whose parents did not．The study says the IQs ?or intelligence quotients—of the younger children who were not spanked were five points higher than those who were．In the older group, the difference was almost three points．Murray Strauss from the University of New Hampshire' worked with Mallie Paschall from the Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation．Professor Strauss has written extensively about physical punishment of children．He says the more they are spanked, the slower their mental development．He also looked at average IQs in other nations and found them lower where spanking was more common．

72．We can learn from the passage that ____．

         A．the first study began last month at Harvard University in America

         B．the Prisoner's Dilemma is a game that can teach you how to be cooperative

         C．the study on the IQs of children was carried out by Professor Murray Strauss

         D．Professor Mallie has done lots of researches on family violence

73．What study method was adopted in the two recent studies according to the passage?

         A．Observation．          B．Questionnaire．        C．Conclusion．    D．Experiment．

74．The underlined word "spanked" in the third paragraph refers to ____．

         A．scolded constantly        B．punished physically

         C．praised frequendy               D．rewarded mentally

75．Which of the following charts is TRUE according to the passage?

No one would be willing to pay one-third of the price for the packaging or wrapping of what he or she purchases. But over-packaging has become a disease that leads to an __50__ waste of resources and __51__ environmental pollution.

The wasted packaging materials are __52__ to be worth about 280 billion yuan annually. And such packages and wrappings thrown away by customers __53__ up half of the volume of solid waste in cities. __54__, it is high time that regulations were __55__ to stop enterprises from spending too much on unnecessary packaging and wrapping.

To produce paper packaging or wrapping, many more trees have to be cut down. Over-packaging also limits the interest of consumers when they have to spend quite a high percentage on something that they will have to throw into the dustbin. The simple truth is that the more a producer spends on packaging, the __56__ the products it sells will be.

Product packaging and wrapping used to be very simple 30 years ago. "Shabby" was the word many had used to __57__ the way Chinese products were packaged. And shabby packaging was blamed for making Chinese products __58__ in the international market.

It is __59__ to pay enough attention to packaging or wrapping products in such a manner that they can be __60__ to customers' eyes. But that does not definitely justify that packaging should even outshine what is inside.

In the Chinese proverb, “maidu huanzhu,” the buyer returns the pearl and just keeps the case because the __61__ is too fancy and luxurious. It not only laughs at the poor __62__ of the buyer, but also criticizes the unnecessary __63__ the seller has made in making the case. Another message from the proverb is that over-packaging helps cultivate an __64__ consuming attitude - to buy fancy-looking stuff but not what they really need.

1.A. enormous                       B. available              C. invisible                D. illegal

2.A. results from          B. contributes to      C. depends on         D. calls for

3.A. predicted              B. required                C. acknowledged     D. estimated

4.A. look                         B. hold                        C. make                      D. add

5.A. However                B. Therefore              C. Otherwise             D. Furthermore

6.A. observed               B. broken                   C. adopted                 D. forbidden

7.A. better                          B. more expensive   C. cheaper                 D. more useful

8.A. recommend               B. praise                     C. consider                D. criticize

9.A. popular                  B. impressive            C. unattractive                  D. qualified

10.A. ridiculous                      B. incredible              C. unnecessary         D. reasonable

11.A. accustomed             B. appealing              C. similar                    D. grateful

12.A. former                       B. next                        C. other                      D. latter  

13.A. judgment                     B. eyesight                C. appetite                D. health

14.A. contributions        B. efforts                    C. progress                D. use

15.A. unfamiliar                 B. unhealthy              C. unnatural              D. unavoidable

 The problem with people in Africa ____that the more is given and the more ______.