2023届河南省部分名校高三5月底联考英语试题（ 含答案解析 ）

第1页/共1页高三英语考试第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.WhichlanguagedoesMrBlackspeakbest?A.Chinese.B.French.C.Spanish.2.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Movies.B.Sports.C.Hobbies.3.HowwillthewomangettoYaleUniversity?A.Bytaxi.B.Bysubway.C.Bybus.4.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Goforatestdrive.B.Makeapurchaseorder.C.Takeadrivinglicenseexam.5.Howmanystudentshavetalentforbasketballthisyear?A.About20.B.About40.C.About60.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whyisthemancallingtheclub?A.Totakeaphotoofit.B.Toclaimdamagesfromit.C.Toaskforinformationaboutjoiningit.7.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofcycling?A.Ithasneverchangedsofar.B.Itisacheapwaytotravel.C.Itisbecomingmorepopular.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whattimeisitnow?A.At9:00B.At8:30.C.At8:10.9.Wherearethespeakers?A.Atthestadium.B.Attheboxoffice.C.AttheNewYorkAirport.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.WhatisJohndoing?A.Preparingacompetition.B.Donatingunwantedthings.C.Emptyingthecupboard.11.Whatis“freecycling”?A.Atravelwebsite.B.Awayofrecycling.C.Akindoffreefood.12.WhatdoesJohnwantnow?A.Afreebicycle.B.Anoldrecorder.C.Anewmicrophone.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Guideandtourist.C.Colleagues.14.WhydoesMrsSmithrefusetoworkintheMiddleEast?A.Itisfarfromherhome.B.Shehasworkedthereforyears.C.Shedislikestheculturethere.15.WhichislandcountrydoesthemansuggesttoMrsSmith?A.Tonga.B.Australia.C.NewZealand.16.WheredoesMrsSmithfinallydecidetowork?A.InBrazil.B.InChina.C.InIndia.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Howlongdocustomersatthelocalfast-foodrestaurantaveragelywaittoreceivefood?A.Forabout3minutes.B.Forabout10minutes.C.Forabout15minutes.18.Whatdoesthespeakerfeelaboutproductsatthelocalfast-foodrestaurant?A.SimpleB.Limited.C.Complex.19.Whatisthemostimportanttothedrive-throughexperienceatthelocalfast-foodrestaurant?A.Accuracy.B.Speed.C.Quantity.20.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingaboutconcerningthelocalfast-foodrestaurant?A.Itsslowerservice.B.Itsspecialfastfood.C.Itsbettermanagement.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。APoetryWritingContestContestinformationDeadline:November30thResults:AnnouncedonDecember31stPrizes:Win$1,600inprizemoneyGuestjudges:KenLiu,BrianEvenson,andFaylitaHicksEntryrequirementsYourpoetrycanbelaidoutasyouwish,asweunderstandthatformoftenrelatestotheeffectofapoem.However,pleasebesuretosticktoamaximumof3pagesperpoem.SubmissionguidelinesWeacceptworks,writteninEnglish,fromanywhereintheworld.Butwedon’tacceptworkspreviouslypublishedelsewhere.Writersovertheageofthirteenarewelcometoparticipate.Pleasenotethatifyou’reaged13-16andyourworkisselectedforpublication,we’llrequireasignaturefromaparentoraguardian.Pleaseincludeyournameandcontactinformationinyourcoverletteronlyandremoveanyidentifyinginformationfromboththesubmittedworkandthefilename.Weediteverypieceacceptedforpublicationwhetheryourworkisselectedforpublicationthroughouronlineblogorinourprintmagazine.Forthiscooperativeprocesswe’llpairyouwithoneofoursenioreditors.Alloureditorshavebeentrainedtohelpguidethedevelopmentofeachpiecetoreachitsfullestpotentialinkeepingwiththeauthor’svision.Thisdoesn’tmeanwe’lltakeonawildjumbleofwordsandhalf-formedthoughts.NotesThecontestreservestherighttoNOTawardawinnerifthesubmissionsdon’treachapublishablestandard.Inthiscase,thewinnerwon’tbeannounced.Althoughthishasrarelycometopassinoursix-yearpublishinghistory,ourtopprioritymustremainwiththequalityoftheworkwepublish.1.Whatdoyouhavetoavoidinordertoparticipateinthecontest?A.Writinga3longpoem.B.WritingyourworkinEnglish.C.Providingyourcontactinformation.D.SubmittingyourentryafterNovember30th.2.Whatdoweknowaboutthecontest?A.Itisheldonanannualbasis.B.Itisintendedforteenagersonly.C.Itisopentoglobalpoetrylovers.D.Itisaimedatmakingpoetrymorepopular.3.Whatareyouexpectedtodoifyourpoemisselectedforpublication?A.Makesurethatitisoriginal.B.Polishitasyou’rerequiredto.C.Gotoreceivetheprizeontime.D.Giveyourpermissiontopublishit.【答案】1.D2.C3.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍的是诗歌写作比赛的相关信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Contestinformation部分“Deadline:November30th(截止日期：11月30日)”可知，为了参加比赛，你必须避免在11月30日之后提交你的作品。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Submissionguidelines部分的“Weacceptworks,writteninEnglish,fromanywhereintheworld.(我们接受来自世界各地的英文作品)”可知，这个比赛对全球诗歌爱好者开放。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Submissionguidelines部分的“Weediteverypieceacceptedforpublicationwhetheryourworkisselectedforpublicationthroughouronlineblogorinourprintmagazine.Forthiscooperativeprocesswe’llpairyouwithoneofoursenioreditors.Alloureditorshavebeentrainedtohelpguidethedevelopmentofeachpiecetoreachitsfullestpotentialinkeepingwiththeauthor’svision.(无论您的作品是通过我们的在线博客还是在我们的印刷杂志上选择出版，我们都会编辑接受出版的每一件作品。在这个合作过程中，我们会把你和我们的一位资深编辑配对。我们所有的编辑都经过培训，以帮助指导每一篇文章的发展，以达到与作者的愿景保持一致的最大潜力)”可知，如果你的诗被选上出版，你要按要求对诗歌进行润色，故选B。BYoungboysoftendreamofsuperpowertosolvetheirproblems“IfIcouldjustlickmyfingers,myhomeworkwouldbedone,”manyhaveimagined.JerryandJoeputtheirideasdownonpaperandcreatedtheworld’smostpopularsuperhero,Superman.In1931,thetwobecamefastfriendsatCleveland’sGlenvilleHighSchoolandendedupcratingcomicstogether.Joewastheartistanddrewallthetime,usingbitsofanykindofpaperhecouldfind.Hehungoutatnewsstands(报摊)concentratingonmagazines,especiallyamazingstoriesandthentookupapenciltorecreatethemathome.Jerrywasthestorytellerandthemoreambitiousofthetwo.HedescribedhowthecreationofSupermancametohiminthemiddleofasleeplesssummernight,“Ispringoutofbedandwritethisdown,andthenIgobackandthinksomemoreforabouttwohoursandgetupagainandwritethatdown.TheinspirationforSuperman’soriginstorystarttakingshape,andthenextmorning,IrunovertoJoe’splace...”Asisoftenthecase,whenweexperiencesomethingpainfulinlife,wedealwiththefeel-ingthroughcreativeexpression.Jerry’sfatherownedashopanddiedduringarobbery.Ayoungchildmightprocessthatexperiencebywishingsomethingcouldhavepreventedit.ForJerry,outcametheManofSteel,whowasinvulnerable(刀枪不入的)andtendedtoprotectinnocentpeople.CreatingstorylinesmusthavehelpedJerrytodealwiththepain.Supermanalwayswins.Hestopstrainsandbadguysandcannotbekilled.ThestoryofSupermanhasinspiredkidsforgenerations.Ithascalmedtheirfearsanddriventheirdreams.Mostimportantly,theManofSteelhasinspiredusalltofindoursuper-poweranduseittohelpothers.4.WhatcanwelearnaboutJerryandJoe?A.Theybecamepopularsuperheroes. B.Theyusedtheirimaginationincomics.C.Theylivedintheirownimaginaryworld. D.Theystoodoutfortheirrichexperience.5.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.TheoriginofthecharacterSuperman. B.TheamusingstoryofJerryandJoe.C.Thedifficultyofcreatingthecharacter. D.ThecommonexperienceofJerryandJoe.6.WhichcanbestdescribeSuperman?A.Ambitious. B.Mean. C.Unconquerable. D.Troublesome.7.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Abiography. B.Amoviereview. C.Asciencefiction. D.Ahistorytextbook.【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了漫画作家Jerry和Joe合作创造超人形象的过程，以及他们的作品对美国人的影响。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“JerryandJoeputtheirideasdownonpaperandcreatedtheworld’smostpopularsuperhero,Superman.(Jerry和Joe把他们的想法写在纸上，创造了世界上最受欢迎的超级英雄——超人)”可知，Jerry和Joe在漫画中运用了他们的想象力。故选B。【5题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“In1931,thetwobecamefastfriendsatCleveland’sGlenvilleHighSchoolandendedupcratingcomicstogether.Joewastheartistanddrewallthetime,usingbitsofanykindofpaperhecouldfind.Hehungoutatnewsstands(报摊)concentratingonmagazines,especiallyamazingstoriesandthentookupapenciltorecreatethemathome.Jerrywasthestorytellerandthemoreambitiousofthetwo.HedescribedhowthecreationofSupermancametohiminthemiddleofasleeplesssummernight,“Ispringoutofbedandwritethisdown,andthenIgobackandthinksomemoreforabouttwohoursandgetupagainandwritethatdown.TheinspirationforSuperman’soriginstorystarttakingshape,andthenextmorning,IrunovertoJoe’splace...”(1931年，两人在克利夫兰的格伦维尔高中迅速成为朋友，并最终一起创作漫画。乔是个艺术家，他一直在画画，用他能找到的任何一种纸片。他在报摊闲逛，专注于杂志，尤其是那些令人惊叹的故事，然后拿起铅笔在家里重新创作。杰瑞是讲故事的人，也是两人中更有野心的一个。他描述了他是如何在一个不眠之夜创造出超人的。“我从床上跳起来，把这个想法写下来，然后再回去想两个小时左右，然后再起来把它写下来。超人起源故事的灵感开始成形，第二天早上，我跑到乔的住处……”)”可知，第二段的主要内容是创造超人这个角色的来源。故选A。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Supermanalwayswins.Hestopstrainsandbadguysandcannotbekilled.(超人总是赢。他能阻止火车和坏人，而且不会被杀死)”可知，超人是不可征服的。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Youngboysoftendreamofsuperpowertosolvetheirproblems“IfIcouldjustlickmyfingers,myhomeworkwouldbedone,”manyhaveimagined.JerryandJoeputtheirideasdownonpaperandcreatedtheworld’smostpopularsuperhero,Superman.(小男孩经常梦想用超能力来解决他们的问题，“如果我能舔一下手指，我的作业就做完了，”许多人这样想象。Jerry和Joe把他们的想法写在纸上，创造了世界上最受欢迎的超级英雄——超人)”并结合文章讲述了漫画作家Jerry和Joe合作创造超人形象的过程，以及他们的作品对美国人的影响。可推知，文章可能选自一本传记。故选A。CTheinvasive(入侵的)species,alsocalledintroducedspeciesorforeignspecies,isanynonnativespeciesthatsignificantlychangesordamagestheecosystemitinvades.Suchspeciesmayarriveinnewareasthroughnaturalmigration,buttheyareoftenintroducedbytheactivitiesofotherspecies.Humanactivities,suchasthoseinvolvedinglobalcommerceandthepettrade,areconsideredtobethemostcommonwaysinwhichinvasiveplants,animals,microbes,andotherorganismsaretransportedtonewhabitats.Mostintroducedspeciesdonotsurviveextendedperiodsinnewhabitats,becausetheydonotpossessthenecessaryadaptationstoadjusttothechallengesposedbytheirnewsurroundings.Someintroducedspeciesmaybecomeinvasivewhentheypossessabuilt-incompetitiveadvantageovernativespeciesininvadedareas.Theychangenativefoodchainsandinsomecasesevengettothetopofthefoodchains,whichmeanstheecosystemlacksnaturalenemycapableofkeepingthemincheck.Underthesecircumstances,newarrivalscangetthechancetoreproduceinlargenumbers.Theecologicaldamagethattendstofollowsuchinvasionsoftenreducestheecosystem’sbiodiversityandcauseseconomicharmtopeoplewhodependontheecosystem’sbiologicalresources.Invasivespeciesmaybesogoodatcatchingpreysthatvictimpopulationsdeclineovertime,andmanyvictimspeciesdieoutintheaffectedecosystem.Otherinvasivespecies,incontrast,maypreventnativespeciesfromobtainingfood,livingspace,orotherresources.Overtime,invasivespeciescaneffectivelyreplacenativeones,oftenforcingthelocalizedextinctionofmanynativespecies.Invasiveplantsandanimalsmayalsoserveasdiseasecarriersthatspreadparasites(寄生虫)andvirusesthatmayfurtherdoharmtotheinvadedarea.8.Howdointroducedspeciesmainlytraveltoanewplace?A.Throughnaturalreproduction. B.Throughnaturalmigration.C.Throughhumanactivities. D.Thoughsocialinteractions.9.Whathappenstomostintroducedspeciesinnewhabitats?A.Theybecomeextinctworldwide. B.Theysurvivefromanychallenges.C.Theydominatethenewworld. D.Theydieoffinashortperiod.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“preys”inparagraph3referto?A.Creaturesthatarehuntedandeaten.B.Speciesthatdieoutinanewplace.C.Speciesatthetopoffoodchains.D.Creaturesatthebottomoffoodchains.11.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.InvasiveSpeciesAroundtheWorldBInvasiveSpeciesandTheirImpactC.TheWaysInvasiveSpeciesSpreadD.TheClassificationofIntroducedSpecies【答案】8.C9.D10.A11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是外来物种的定义及其对新环境的影响。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Humanactivities,suchasthoseinvolvedinglobalcommerceandthepettrade,areconsideredtobethemostcommonwaysinwhichinvasiveplants,animals,microbes,andotherorganismsaretransportedtonewhabitats.(人类活动，例如涉及全球商业和宠物贸易的活动，被认为是入侵植物、动物、微生物和其他生物被转移到新栖息地的最常见方式)”可知，引进的物种主要是通过人类活动传播到一个新的地方，故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Mostintroducedspeciesdonotsurviveextendedperiodsinnewhabitats,becausetheydonotpossessthenecessaryadaptationstoadjusttothechallengesposedbytheirnewsurroundings.(大多数引进的物种不能在新的栖息地长时间生存，因为它们没有必要的适应能力来适应新环境带来的挑战)”可知，进入新栖息地的大多数引进物种会在短时间内死亡。故选D。【10题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Invasivespeciesmaybesogoodatcatching(入侵物种可能非常善于捕捉)”和下文定语从句“thatvictimpopulationsdeclineovertime,andmanyvictimspeciesdieoutintheaffectedecosystem.(随着时间的推移，受害物种数量减少，许多受害物种在受影响的生态系统中灭绝)”可知，preys指的是被猎杀和吃掉的生物。故选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段的“Theinvasive(入侵的)species,alsocalledintroducedspeciesorforeignspecies,isanynonnativespeciesthatsignificantlychangesordamagestheecosystemitinvades.(入侵物种，也被称为引进物种或外来物种，是任何非本地物种显著改变或破坏其入侵的生态系统)”和第二段的“Theychangenativefoodchainsandinsomecasesevengettothetopofthefoodchains,whichmeanstheecosystemlacksnaturalenemycapableofkeepingthemincheck.(它们改变了当地的食物链，在某些情况下甚至到达了食物链的顶端，这意味着生态系统缺乏能够控制它们的天敌)”及第三段的“Theecologicaldamagethattendstofollowsuchinvasionsoftenreducestheecosystem’sbiodiversityandcauseseconomicharmtopeoplewhodependontheecosystem’sbiologicalresources.(这种入侵往往会造成生态破坏，往往会减少生态系统的生物多样性，并对依赖生态系统生物资源的人们造成经济损害)”可知，本文主要讲的是外来物种的定义及其对新环境的影响。由此可知，B选项“InvasiveSpeciesandTheirImpact(入侵物种及其影响)”适合作本文标题。故选B。DTeenagerswhosenon-cognitive(非认知的)skillsarepoorlydevelopedaremorelikelytosufferfromhealthproblemslaterinlife,accordingtoanewresearchbyagroupofexpertsfromtheUniversityofManchester.RoseAtkinsofthatuniversity,alongwithhercolleaguessetouttoinvestigatenoncognitiveskillsastheyareoneoftheleastexploreddeterminingfactorsofhealthandwell-being,despitethefactthatevidencesurroundingtheirimportanceisgrowingquickly.Theseskillsareconscientiousness(尽责性),whichtellshowhardworking,carefulandstubbornanadolescentis,andneuroticism(神经质),whichshowshowworried,unhappyandfearfulanadolescentis,Theresearchersuseddataonagroupofindividualswhowerefollowedthroughouttheirlifeandcarriedoutstatisticalanalysistostudytherelationshipbetweenadolescentnon-cognitiveskillsandlater-lifehealth.Thenon-cognitiveskillswerereportedbyteachers,basedonthebehaviorofstudentsatage16.Thestudyfoundthatindividualswhoseadolescentconscientiousnessishigherdealwithstressinadulthoodbetter,andareatalowerriskofsomediseases.Andindividualswhoseadolescentneuroticismishigherhaveapoorer,healthrelatedqualityoflifeinadulthoodandareatagreaterriskofsomediseases.Theresearchersconcludethatpoliciestoimproveadolescentconscientiousnessandreduceadolescentneuroticismwouldofferthemostlong-termhealthbenefitstothosewiththepoo-resthealth,“Thereisagrowingbodyofevidencethatsuggestsschool-basedinterventionstoimprovenon-cognitiveskillscanhavelastingpositiveeffectsonimportantlifeoutcomes,”saidRose.“Extra-curricularactivitiesandworkexperiencehavealsobeenshowntoimprovetheseskills.Havingagreaterfocusontheimprovementofnon-cognitiveskillsatbothprimaryandsecondaryschoollevelswouldbeapositivepolicydecision,However,theseskillsarealsodeterminedbyfactorslikefamilyincome,parentaleducation,andparentalinvestment.There-tore,morecomplexpublicpolicyisneededtoreducesocialinequality.”12Whatcanbeinferredaboutnon-cognitiveskills?A.Theycanfallintothreecategories.B.Theyaremainlydevelopedinchildhood.C.Theirimportancehasbeentotallyignored.D.Theirimpactonhealthdoesn’tgetenoughattention.13.Howdidtheresearchersdotheirresearch?A.Theycarriedoutalargesurvey.B.Theycollecteddatafromindividuals.C.Theyfollowed16-year-oldindividuals.D.Theycompareddatafromotherresearch.14.Whatdotheresearchersthinktheirfindingssuggest?A.Improvingteens’non-cognitiveskillsisn’tthatchallenging.B.Schoolsshouldreducethetimeforextra-curricularactivities.C.Measuresshouldbetakentoimproveteens’non-cognitiveskills.D.Socialinequalityisthemajorcauseofpoornon-cognitiveskills.15.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Teens’healthinlaterlifecanbepredicted.B.Teacherscanimprovestudents’non-cognitiveskills,C.Theimportanceofnon-cognitiveskillsisbeingrecognized.D.Non-cognitiveskillsinadolescentsaffecttheirhealthinlaterlife.【答案】12.D13.B14.C15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是青少年的非认知能力会影响他们后期的身体健康。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“RoseAtkinsofthatuniversity,alongwithhercolleaguessetouttoinvestigatenoncognitiveskillsastheyareoneoftheleastexploreddeterminingfactorsofhealthandwell-being,despitethefactthatevidencesurroundingtheirimportanceisgrowingquickly.(该大学的RoseAtkins和她的同事们开始调查非认知技能，因为它们是对健康和幸福的决定因素中探索最少的因素之一，尽管有关它们重要性的证据正在迅速增加)”可知，非认知技能对健康的影响没有得到足够的重视。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段的“Theresearchersuseddataonagroupofindividualswhowerefollowedthroughouttheirlifeandcarriedoutstatisticalanalysistostudytherelationshipbetweenadolescentnon-cognitiveskillsandlater-lifehealth.(研究人员使用了一组人的数据，这些人一生都在接受跟踪调查，并进行了统计分析，以研究青少年非认知技能与晚年健康之间的关系)”可知，研究人员从个人那里收集数据来进行研究，故选B。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Havingagreaterfocusontheimprovementofnon-cognitiveskillsatbothprimaryandsecondaryschoollevelswouldbeapositivepolicydecision,However,theseskillsarealsodeterminedbyfactorslikefamilyincome,parentaleducation,andparentalinvestment.(在小学和中学阶段更加关注非认知技能的提高将是一个积极的政策决定，然而，这些技能也由家庭收入、父母教育和父母投资等因素决定)”可知，研究人员认为他们的发现说明应该采取措施提高青少年的非认知技能。故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Teenagerswhosenon-cognitive(非认知的)skillsarepoorlydevelopedaremorelikelytosufferfromhealthproblemslaterinlife,accordingtoanewresearchbyagroupofexpertsfromtheUniversityofManchester.(曼彻斯特大学的一组专家进行的一项新研究表明，非认知能力发育不良的青少年在以后的生活中更容易出现健康问题)”可知，本文主要讲的是青少年的非认知技能会影响他们以后的健康。故选D。第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoMakeaDifferenceinYourCareerMakingameaningfulcareerchoiceisacrucialdecisioninlife.____16____,suchasbeingadoctor,teacherorcharityworker.However,youdon’thavetolimityourselftojustthosechoices.Tohavealastingandmeaningfulimpact,it’simportanttoconsidertheproblemyouexpecttoovercome.Definewhat’spersonallysatisfying____17____.Toensuresuccessrememberthatyourcareerisamarathonandnotashortrunning.Mostpeoplereachpeakproductivitybetweentheagesof40and60,soit’simportanttochoosesomethingthatyoucanstickwithforthelongterm.Whenlookingformeaningfulwork,considerwhatissatisfiedwithyou.DefineyourcareerimpactTomaximizeyourcareer’simpact,considertheimportanceoftheproblemyouareaddressing,howeffectiveyourjobisatdealingwithit,andyourpersonalfit.Yourpersonalfitdependsonyourabilitiesandcareercapital-skills,connections,andreputation,____18____,andyoucanensurethatyouhavealongtermimprovementinthelivesofothers.____19____Beforethinkingaboutspecificcareerpaths,it’svaluabletoconsiderwhatkindsofcareerstendtohavethehighestimpact.Remembermanycareercategoriescanenableyoutomakeabigcontributiontowhicheverglobalproblemsyouthinkaremostpressing.HaveaplanBandaplanZListpromisingalternativesyoucanswitchtoifyourplanAdoesn’tworkout.Ifyou’reambitiousenough,yourplanAprobablyhasagoodchanceofnotworkingout.____20____Toavoidunacceptablerisks,writeaplanZ—howyou’llgetbackonyourfeetifthingsgowrong.A.SoyoushouldbereadytotryagainB.TakeallthesefactorsintoconsiderationC.ExplorethekeycategoriesofmeaningfulcareersD.HaveabetterunderstandingofthecareercategoriesE.FindingworkthatispersonallysatisfyingcanbeachallengeF.PeoplewhoshowtheirinterestinchallengegetsatisfyingcareersG.Therearemanypathsthatyoucantaketocontributepositivelytotheworld【答案】16.G17.E18.B19.C20.A【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何选择自己一生的职业并且如何在职业中做得出色。【16题详解】空格处承上启下。上文“Makingameaningfulcareerchoiceisacrucialdecisioninlife.(做出一个有意义的职业选择是人生中至关重要的决定)”说明的是职业选择的重要性。下文“suchasbeingadoctor,teacherorcharityworker(比如成为一名医生、教师或慈善工作者)”说明的是选择哪些职业。由此可知，G项“有很多途径可以让你对世界做出积极的贡献。”承接上文，引出下文，符合文意。故选G。【17题详解】空格处引出下文。根据下文“Toensuresuccess,rememberthatyourcareerisamarathonandnotashortrunning.(为了确保成功，请记住你的职业生涯是一场马拉松，而不是短跑)”可知，E项“找到个人满意的工作可能是一个挑战。”能够引起下文，说明了找到满意的工作具有挑战性，职业生涯是一场马拉松，符合文意。故选E。【18题详解】空格处承上启下。上文“Yourpersonalfitdependsonyourabilitiesandcareercapital-skills,connections,andreputation.(你的个人适合度取决于你的能力和职业资本技能、人脉和声誉)”说明影响适合度的因素。由此可知，B项“把所有这些因素都考虑进去。”承接上文，并引出下文；这些因素指的是“能力、职业基本技能、人脉和声誉”。故选B。【19题详解】设空处为本段主旨句。下文“Beforethinkingaboutspecificcareerpaths,it’svaluabletoconsiderwhatkindsofcareerstendtohavethehighestimpact.(在考虑具体的职业道路之前，考虑一下什么样的职业最有影响力是很有价值的)”说明的是“寻找最有影响力的职业”。由此可知，C项“探索有意义的职业的关键类别”起着总结本段作用，引出下文，说明的是探索有意义的职业，C项中的“explore”与下文中的“consider”相呼应。故选C。【20题详解】空格处承上启下。上文“Ifyou’reambitiousenough,yourplanAprobablyhasagoodchanceofnotworkingout.(如果你有足够的野心，你的A计划很可能不会成功)”说明的是“如果野心太大，A计划就不会成功”；下文“Toavoidunacceptablerisks,writeaplanZ—howyou’llgetbackonyourfeetifthingsgowrong.(为了避免不可接受的风险，写一份Z计划——如果出现问题，你将如何重新站起来)”说明的是A计划不成功怎么做。由此可知，A项“所以你应该准备好再试一次”承接上文不成功怎么办，引出下文再写一份计划。故选A。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。KristinSchellisthefounderofTheTurquoiseTable(绿松石桌),amovementofordinarypeoplewhowanttocreatecommunityrightintheirownfrontyards.Tenyearsago,Kristinandherfamily____21____toanewhomeinTexas.Oneday.Kristinneededsomebackyardfurnitureforapartyand____22____afewpicnictablesfromagrocerystore.Onetablewaslaidinherfrontyard____23____.Aftertheparty,shepaintedthetableturquoise—her____24____color—andputitinthefrontyardgladly.____25____,thatturquoisetablebecametheplacewhereKristinandherkidshungout.Neighborsbegantostopbyto____26____themselvesandsitdownforachat.Kristin____27____peopletojoinheratthetableforcoffeeoricedtea.Constructionworkersonjobsinthe____28____tooktheirlunchbreaksatthetable.Atiredbabysitterwalkingbysatdownfor____29____.ThenneighborsaskedKristiniftheirfamilycouldputapicnictableintheirfrontyard,too.A(n)____30____wasborn.“Peopleoften____31____toinviteothersintotheirhomes.Theythinktheirhouseistoo____32____ortheydon’thaveenoughtime.”Kristinsays.Herpicnictabletakesawaythe____33____andthepressure.“Hospitality(好客)doesn’talwaysmean____34____peoplewithamealorabigparty.Atthepicnictable,allIhavetodois____35____,”shesays.Shelikeshowit____36____hertotakeasmallsteptowardeasing____37____andbuildingrelationshipsinhercommunity.AdecadeaftertheirTexasbeginnings,thousandsofTurquoiseTables____38____inallstatesandin13countriesaroundtheworld.Notallofthemare____39____turquoise.Nomatterwhatcoloritis,it’sa____40____table.21.A.cycled B.returned C.moved D.traveled22.A.exchanged B.accepted C.discovered D.purchased23.A.inadvance B.bymistake C.intime D.onpurpose24.A.favorite B.original C.strange D.new25.A.Hopefully B.Similarly C.Unexpectedly D.Fortunately26.A.defend B.prepare C.express D.introduce27.A.allowed B.invited C.advised D.encouraged28.A.company B.countryside C.city D.neighborhood29.A.shelter B.relaxation C.safety D.pleasure30.A.movement B.miracle C.organization D.business31.A.hesitate B.pretend C.prefer D.offer32.A.distant B.quiet C.messy D.beautiful33.A.doubts B.excuses C.results D.topics34.A.attracting B.cheating C.surprising D.entertaining35.A.showup B.dressup C.ringup D.cheerup36.A.trains B.instructs C.enables D.forces37.A.poverty B.loneliness C.disappointment D.failure38.A.change B.melt C.disappear D.exist39.A.actually B.probably C.specially D.obviously40.A.dream B.family C.friendship D.schoolwork【答案】21.C22.D23.B24.A25.C26.D27.B28.D29.B30.A31.A32.C33.B34.D35.A36.C37.B38.D39.A40.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了绿松石桌运动在得克萨斯州兴起并传播至其他各州以及世界上13个国家。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：十年前，Kristin和她的家人搬到了德克萨斯州的新家。A.cycled骑自行车；B.returned返回；C.moved搬家；D.traveled旅行。根据下文“newhomeinTexas(德克萨斯州的新家)”可推理出空白处应填表示“搬家”含义的动词，故选C项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，Kristin需要一些后院家具来举办派对，于是从杂货店买了几张野餐桌。A.exchanged交换；B.accepted接受；C.discovered发现；D.purchased购买。根据上文“Kristinneededsomebackyardfurnitureforaparty(Kristin需要一些后院家具来举办派对)”以及下文“afewpicnictablesfromagrocerystore(从杂货店……了几张野餐桌)”可推理出空白处应填表示“购买”含义的动词，故选D项。【23题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：有一张桌子错放在她的前院。A.inadvance提前；B.bymistake错误地；C.intime及时；D.onpurpose故意。根据上文“Kristinneededsomebackyardfurnitureforaparty(Kristin需要一些后院家具来举办派对)”以及“Onetablewaslaidinherfrontyard(一张桌子……被放在了前院)”可知，原本是要放在后院，却放在了前院，可推理出是放错地方了，故选B项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：派对结束后，她把桌子漆成她最喜欢的绿松石色，高兴地放在前院。A.favorite最喜爱的；B.original原始的；C.strange奇怪的；D.new新的。根据下文“putitinthefrontyardgladly(高兴地把它放在前院)”可推理出那是她最喜爱的颜色，故选A项。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：出乎意料的是，那张绿松石色的桌子成了Kristin和她的孩子们休闲的地方。A.Hopefully有希望地；B.Similarly同样；C.Unexpectedly出乎意料地；D.Fortunately幸运地。根据下文“thatturquoisetablebecametheplacewhereKristinandherkidshungout(那张绿松石色的桌子成了Kristin和她的孩子们闲逛的地方)”可知，桌子原本是用于派对的，现在却变成了Kristin和她的孩子们休闲的地方，出乎意料，故选C项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：邻居们开始过来做自我介绍，然后坐下来聊天。A.defend保卫；B.prepare准备；C.express表达；D.introduce介绍。根据上文“newhomeinTexas(德克萨斯州的新家)”可知Kristin刚搬来，邻居们都不熟悉，所以邻居们过来先要做自我介绍，然后聊天，故选D项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Kristin邀